Etichettato: omocisteina

Stroke, July 2014

Highlights

In the Issue of Stroke, July 2014 (link)

  • Effect of Genetic Variants Associated With Plasma Homocysteine Levels on Stroke Risk -This study found several potential associations with IS and its subtypes: an association of an MUT variant with small-vessel disease, an MTHFR variant with large-vessel disease, and associations of RASIP1 and SLC17A3 variants with overall IS.
  • Acute Cerebrovascular Disease Occurring After Hospital Discharge for Labor and Delivery – The incidence of postpartum acute CVD after hospital discharge for labor and delivery is similar to rates reported for all postpartum events in previous publications, suggesting that a substantial proportion of postpartum CVD occurs after discharge.
  • Pretreatment Blood–Brain Barrier Damage and Post-Treatment Intracranial Hemorrhage in Patients Receiving Intravenous Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator -A perfusion-weighted imaging–derived index of blood–brain barrier damage measured before intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator is given is associated with the severity of ICH after treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  • Memantine Enhances Recovery From Stroke – Our results suggest that memantine improves stroke outcomes in an apparently non-neuroprotective manner involving increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling, reduced reactive astrogliosis, and improved vascularization, associated with improved recovery of sensory and motor cortical function. The clinical availability and tolerability of memantine make it an attractive candidate for clinical translation.
  • Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack – The aim of this updated guideline is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of future stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The guideline is addressed to all clinicians who manage secondary prevention for these patients. Evidence-based recommendations are provided for control of risk factors, intervention for vascular obstruction, antithrombotic therapy for cardioembolism, and antiplatelet therapy for noncardioembolic stroke. Recommendations are also provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of specific circumstances, including aortic arch atherosclerosis, arterial dissection, patent foramen ovale, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypercoagulable states, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, sickle cell disease, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and pregnancy. Special sections address use of antithrombotic and anticoagulation therapy after an intracranial hemorrhage and implementation of guidelines.

Elevati livelli di omocisteina non correlano con l’Alzheimer

Al fine di verificare se una moderata elevazione di omocisteina plasmatica totale (tHcy) sia un potenziale fattore di rischio per la malattia di Alzheimer sono stati esaminati 326 pazienti con Alzheimer e 281 con decadimento cognitivo lieve (MCI). Il lavoro (link), pubblicato su Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, ha correlato diverse variabili (età, danno renale, cobalamina, folati presenza di malattia vascolare ed omocisteina totale) per un periodo di cinque anni. Gli studiosi ritengono che l’aumento dell’omocisteina plasmatica totale nei pazienti con Alzheimer potrebbe essere attribuito prevalentemente a carenza di cobalamina o di folati o ad insufficienza renale. I pazienti Alzheimer più giovani (sotto i 75 anni) e i pazienti con MCI senza carenza di cobalamina o di folati o insufficienza renale hanno mostrato livelli normali di omocisteina plasmatica totale.

Lo studio afferma che elevati livelli plasmatici di omocisteina non sono rilevanti nella patogenesi dell’Alzheimer ma, piuttosto, sono un riflesso delle modificazioni plasmatiche nella malattia di Alzheimer.